Assessment of the Formal Justice System in Responding to SGBV, Harmful Practices and SRHR in Zimbabwe

This research assesses the effectiveness of Zimbabwe’s formal justice system in addressing sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV), harmful practices (HP), and sexual and reproductive health rights (SRHR). Conducted in Mutasa, Umzingwane, and Hurungwe districts, the study examines survivor experiences, institutional responses, accessibility, costs, and linkages between formal and informal justice systems. Findings reveal significant barriers including high costs, limited awareness of legal rights, inadequate survivor support, lengthy court processes, and weak post-trial assistance. The study highlights the need for survivor-centred justice mechanisms and stronger coordination among justice sector actors.

• Survivors face financial, social, and cultural barriers when accessing formal justice services.
• Limited awareness of laws and court processes reduces confidence in the justice system.
• Court proceedings often lack adequate survivor support and follow-up services.
• COVID-19 worsened access to justice and increased SGBV risks.
• Informal justice systems are frequently preferred due to accessibility and community acceptance.

• Accelerate legal reforms to align laws with the Constitution of Zimbabwe.
• Strengthen SGBV referral pathways through increased funding and one-stop centres.
• Improve capacity of police, prosecutors, and justice personnel in survivor-centred approaches.
• Invest in technology and infrastructure to improve access to justice, especially in rural areas.
• Continue community education programmes to challenge harmful norms and reduce stigma.